Monday, April 20, 2026

Markan Characteristics (According to Voelz)

As promised, here is Jim Voelz's list of Markan characteristics:

  • The use of kai both to introduce pericopes and within such units.
  • The use of present tense forms to convey past events or to begin pericopes.
  • The use of imperfect tense forms in narrative, often to conclude a pericope.
  • Verb-subject word order.
  • Asyndeton (especially in discourse).
  • Genitive absolute constructions.
  • hoti recitative.
  • The use of hina to introduce object clauses.
  • Redundant use of legōn introducing direct discourse.
  • "Improper" use of movable nu.
  • gar used to introduce an aside.
  • The absence of idou ("behold!") in narrative.
  • The frequent appearance of euthus ("immediately"). 
  • Redundant apokritheis ("andweing").
  • Participle strings.

Yes, we love Mark!